Basic principle of Electrical transformer

here present the khowledge about the article is basic principle of Electrical transformer

what is transformer?

A transformer is a device that transfers electrical energy from one circuit to another circuit through a magnetic field and without any change in frequency.

In this, the electric circuit that receives the electrical power of the source is called primary winding and the second circuit which delivers electric energy is called load secondary winding.

Definition: If we look at the definition of Transformer above then we will find that it is a device that either step-up the voltage or step-down, that is also according to the corresponding decrease and increase of current.

The transformer is actually an electromagnetic energy conversion device, in which the energy that is received is first converted into primary winding into magnetic energy and then it is reconverted again to secondary winding in electric energy.
It is important to understand that transformers do not generate electrical power.
They electrical power transfer from one AC circuit to another circuit using magnetic coupling.
The core of the transformer is used to provide a controlled path to the magnetic flux that is generated by the current in the transformer that flows through the windings, also called coils.

Who invented the transformer

Electric transformers were invented by William Stanley in 1885 in the United States. And it is also said that the transformer was invented by Michael Faraday in 1831 in Britain.

On what principle does the transformer operate?

If we talk about transformer, then the principle on which it works is called Faraday's Law of Electromagnetic Induction.
this Principle is say that, "The magnitude of voltage is directly proportional to the rate of change of flux."

Now let us know about Transformer's Parts.

Although transformers have many parts but the most prominent of them are three parts,

Primary Winding of Transformer

Transformer's Magnetic Core

Secondary Winding of Transformer

1. Primary winding

This is the primary winding that produces magnetic flux when it is connected to an electric source.

2. Magnetic core

The magnetic flux generated in this primary winding is passed through a low reluctance path which is linked to secondary winding and it creates a closed magnetic circuit.

3. Secondary winding

The flux that occurs in the primary winding is passed through the core which is linked with the secondary winding. This winding is also wrapped in the same core and it also produces the required output of the transformer.

working principle of transformer

Working principle of transformer

The working principle of the transformer is very simple. Mutual induction is used in between two or more windings that allow electrical energy to be transferred between these circuits.
Suppose you have a winding and an alternating electrical source supplied to it. Now this alternating current that is flowing through this winding generates an constantly changing and alternating flux that surrounds the winding.
Now if a second winding is brought closer to this winding, then some part of the alternation flux will link with the second winding. Since this flux is constantly changing in its amplitude and direction, a changing flux linkage is attached to the second winding or coil.
According to Faraday Law of Electromagnetic Induction, an EMF is born in Secondary Winding. Whereas if the circuit of secondary winding is closed then current flows in it. This is the basic principle of transformer working.
The thing to understand in this is that the winding in which electric power is received from the source is called primary winding. Whereas the winding from which you get the desired output voltage is called 'secondary winding' due to mutual induction.

What are step-up transformers?

A transformer that increases the voltage between the primary to secondary windings is called a step-up transformer.

What are step-down transformers?

At the same time, a transformer that reduces the voltage between the primary to secondary windings is called a step-down transformer.

Why is the transformer called a Static Device?

No moving part is required to transfer electric energy from one circuit to another in the transformer. This is the reason that they are called a Static Device.

Application of electrical transformer

Refrigerators, radio, telephone and T.V. transformers are used in our daily lives.
Welding in factories and transformers are used in various types of furnaces.
Where electric power is produced, the power of current is sent to our homes by reducing the transformer.
Distribution transformers are used to distribute current