what is diode?

here present the diode in this article you can get knowledge about diode.

Defination: A diode is a two-terminal component in electronics with a unidirectional flow of current. It offers low resistance in the direction of current flow and offers high resistance in the opposite direction. Diodes are mostly used to prevent damage to components, especially due to electromotive force in circuits which are usually polarized.

•A diode is a 2 lead semiconductor that acts as a one way gate to electron flow. – Diode allows current to pass in only one direction.
•A pn-junction diode is formed by joining together n-type and p-type silicon.
•In practice, as the n-type Si crystal is being grown, the process is abruptly altered to grow p-type Si crystal. Finally, a glass or plastic coating is placed around the joined crystal.
•The p-side is called anode and the n-side is called cathode.
•When the anode and cathode of a pn-junction diode are connected to external voltage such that the potential at anode is higher than the potential at cathode, the diode is said to be forward biased.
–In a forward-biased diode current is allowed to flow through the device.
•When potential at anode is smaller than the potential at cathode, the diode is said to be reverse biased. In a reverse-biased diode current is blocked.

how is the work of diode :

forword biased:

• When a diode is connected to a battery as shown, electrons from the n-side and holes from the p-side are forced toward the center by the electrical field supplied by the battery. The electrons and holes combine causing the current to pass through the diode. When a diode is arranged in this way, it is said to be forward biased.

• A diode’s one-way gate feature does not work all the time.

• Typically for silicon diodes, an applied voltage of 0.6V or greater is needed, otherwise, the diode will not conduct.

• This feature is useful in forming a voltage-sensitive switch.

• I-V characteristics for silicon and germanium diodes is shown below.

reversed biased:

• When a diode is connected to a battery as shown, holes in the nside are forced to the left while electrons in the p-side are forced to the right. This results in an empty zone around the pn- junction that is free of charge carries creating a depletion region. This depletion region acts as a insulator preventing current from flowing through the diode. When a diode is arranged in this way, it is said to be reverse biased.